污染分布下的Lp估计抗差测度     

周世健  陈永奇  邓康伟 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1999,24(1)

观测数据中含有粗差或异常值扰动的误差分布可视为污染分布。根据M估计理论,导出了Lp估计的影响函数,分析了Lp估计的抗差能力,并用效率来测度估计的优劣、综合抗差能力和效率,指出观测数据中含有粗差的扰动,应用p为[1．2．1．5]的Lp估计来进行处理。  相似文献   

利用干涉图确定成像质量     

吴新民  马轩文 《测绘学院学报》1999,(1)

从像质的概念出发,导出了像质评定的简单公式。在干涉图的每个选定点上测量条纹间的间隔和角度来计算几何光线的斜率误差,然后把这些角度误差画在一张图纸上用以表示几何点扩散函数的角度大小,可以方便而简洁地评定成像质量,避免了复杂的计算。  相似文献   

地球磁场偶极子和非偶极子分量变化特征及其相关的地球深部过程   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

刘青松  朱日祥  潘永信  郭斌 《地球物理学报》1999,42(2):178-184

通过分析１９００年以来每５ａ地球磁场各阶球谐系数的相关系数发现,地球磁场偶极子分量的ρ值在１９０５-１９７０年基本保持不变,１９７０-１９８５年下降,１９８５-１９９５年又上升,呈Ｖ字型变化。而非偶极子分量的　值则具有周期性变化,在１９１５年、１９４５年和１９８０年出现峰值,在１９３５年和１９６５年则处于低谷,变化周期约为３０ａ。通过分析地球磁场非偶极子分量　值周期变化与日长周期变化的相关性,得出两点新的认识：１．非偶极子分量的周期性变化与核幔边界耦合过程相关,而偶极子分量的变化对应外核的深部过程;２．外核顶部流体具有周期性的变化,其变化周期与日长及非偶极子分量的变化周期一致。  相似文献   

表面矩形基础阻抗函数的集中参数模型   总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5  

侯兴民  廖振鹏 《地震工程与工程振动》1999,19(4):6-12

本文在系统地研究了Ｗｏｌｆ二阶集中参数模型的基础上,完整地给出了表面刚性矩形基础阻抗函数的集中参数模型,同以往的工作相比,本文给出的集中参数模型能在更宽的频段上反映精确解的变化。  相似文献   

Rupture process of the M_L=4.1 earthquake in Huailai Basin on July 20, 1995     

许向彤  陈运泰  王培德 《地震学报(英文版)》1999,(6)

IntroductionIntheanalogrecordingera,onlyarrivaltimePwaveonsetandmaximumamplitudeofrecordingswereusedtocalculatetheparametersofearthquakefool.Sincelate1970s,withtheincreasingnumberofdigitalseismicnetworkcomingintooperation,itispossibletodofurtherresearchesinfocalphysics.Toinvertmoredetailedparameterssuchastempo-spatialprocessesofearthquakefoolusingdigitalseismicdataisanimportantfieldindigitalseismology.Sourcetimefunction(STF)isoneofkeyparametersaboutruptureprocessesofearthquakefocuses.Spontan…  相似文献   

Tempo-spatial rupture process of the 1997 Mani, Xizang (Tibet), China earthquake of MS=7.9   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

许力生  陈运泰 《地震学报(英文版)》1999,12(5)

IntroductionAnearthquakeofMs=7.9occurredinMaul,Xizang(Tibet),Chinaat10:02f55.4(UTC),No')ember8.1997.TheepicenterdeterminedbyChinaNationalSeismographNetwork(CNSN)is87.33"E.3>.26'N,thefocaldepthis40km,andthemagnitudeisMs=7.4.Accordingtothedeterllllnati...  相似文献   

河南地磁短周期变化特征   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

姚同起  范国华  韩克礼 《地震地磁观测与研究》1999,20(6):15-21

为了研究河南地区地磁短周期变化的特征,１９９６年１０月至１１月在该地区布设了近似南北向的两条临时测线,东测线由河南信阳至汤阴,西测线由河南西峡至山西曲沃,在测线上进行了地磁短周期变化三分量的同步观测,在３ｍｉｎ至２ｈ周期范围内统计计算了各测点各周期成分的地磁垂直转换函数及水平转换函数,通过地磁转换函数的分析,给出了该地区地磁短周期变化空间,周期分布概况。西峡至曲沃测线,除曲沃外垂直分量没有出现反向  相似文献   

东北地区近震震级研究     

王军亮  郭明珠 《东北地震研究》1999,15(1):24-28

实际观测表明,用现行短周期仪器起算函数Ｒ１测算的近震震级ＭＬ在近距离地段数值偏低,在远距离地段偏高,随震中距出现系统偏差。本文以里克特（１９３５）零震级地震定义为震级水平控制原则,应用了辽,吉,黑,冀四省地震台网的观测资料,制定出东北地区近震震级起算函数系统。  相似文献   

Estimation of covariance matrix from geochemical data with observations below detection limits     

Chang-Jo F. Chung 《Mathematical Geology》1993,25(7):851-865

Multivariate statistical analyses have been extensively applied to geochemical measurements to analyze and aid interpretation of the data. Estimation of the covariance matrix of multivariate observations is the first task in multivariate analysis. However, geochemical data for the rare elements, especially Ag, Au, and platinum-group elements, usually contain observations the below detection limits. In particular, Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) for the rare elements produces multilevel and possibly extremely high detection limits depending on the sample weight. Traditionally, in applying multivariate analysis to such incomplete data, the observations below detection limits are first substituted, for example, each observation below the detection limit is replaced by a certain percentage of that limit, and then the standard statistical computer packages or techniques are used to obtain the analysis of the data. If a number of samples with observations below detection limits is small, or the detection limits are relatively near zero, the results may be reasonable and most geological interpretations or conclusions are probably valid. In this paper, a new method is proposed to estimate the covariance matrix from a dataset containing observations below multilevel detection limits by using the marginal maximum likelihood estimation (MMLE) method. For each pair of variables, sayY andZ whose observations containing below detection limits, the proposed method consists of three steps: (i) for each variable separately obtaining the marginal MLE for the means and the variances, , , , and forY andZ: (ii) defining new variables by and and lettingA=C+D andB=C–D, and obtaining MLE for variances, and forA andB; (iii) estimating the correlation coefficient _YZ by and the covariance _YZ by . The procedure is illustrated by using a precious metal geochemical data set from the Fox River Sill, Manitoba, Canada.  相似文献   

Fossil carotenoids and paleolimnology of meromictic Mahoney Lake,British Columbia,Canada     

Jörg Overmann  Gerhard Sandmann  Ken J. Hall  Tom G. Northcote 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1993,55(1):31-39

Vertical distribution of fossil carotenoids in a sediment core from meromictic Mahoney Lake was studied. Besides okenone and demethylated okenone, lutein and zeaxanthin and-carotene isomers were identified. No carotenoids typical for purple nonsulfur or green sulfur bacteria were detected. The ratio of zeaxanthin to lutein (above 1:1 in all samples) indicates a dominance of cyanobacteria over green algae in the phytoplankton assemblages of the past. Okenone, which is found exclusively in Chromatiaceae, was the dominating carotenoid in all sediment zones.The oldest sediment layers containing okenone were deposited 11 000 years ago. Between 9000 and 7000 and since 3000 years b.p., Chromatiaceae reached a considerable biomass in the lake. Vertical changes in okenone concentration were not related to changes of paleotemperatures. In contrast, okenone concentrations decreased during periods of volcanic ash input. During most of the lake history, however, mean okenone concentrations were positively correlated with sedimentation rates. This indicates that vertical changes of okenone concentration in the sediment reflect past changes of purple sulfur bacterial biomass in the lake.According to these results, the past limnology of Mahoney Lake resembled that of the present with a sulfide-containing monimolimnion and a well-developed population of okenone-bearing purple sulfur bacteria.  相似文献